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Location
Near Selhurst, Surrey
National Childbirth Trust (NCT) classes are educational sessions designed to prepare parents for the birth of their baby and the early days of parenthood.
The specific class mentioned in the query is NCT 135 HA, which denotes a particular group or location within the NCT organization.
Regarding the location, “near Selhurst, Surrey” suggests that this class takes place in an area surrounding or adjacent to the London suburb of Selhurst, which falls under the county of Greater London.
Selhurst is situated in the borough of Croydon, approximately 7 miles south of central London. It is a residential area with a mix of Victorian and modern housing stock, as well as local shops and amenities.
However, it’s worth noting that Surrey is an adjacent county to Greater London, which can sometimes cause confusion regarding location.
The mention of “near Selhurst” rather than within the town itself implies that the NCT 135 HA classes are likely being held in a nearby building or premises, possibly in a quieter suburban setting.
Given the context of the query, it’s possible to infer that these classes cater to expectant parents living in the surrounding areas, aiming to provide them with a convenient and accessible location for their NCT group sessions.
Geological Setting
The location of the NCTF 135 HA near Selhurst, Surrey, provides a unique geological setting that has contributed significantly to its formation and characteristics.
Selhurst is situated in the South London Basin, which is a part of the London Basin that stretches from northwest to southeast across Greater London and into surrounding counties.
The area falls within the Croydon Syncline, a major geological structure formed as a result of tectonic activity during the Variscan orogeny, around 320 million years ago.
The underlying geology at NCTF 135 HA comprises Upper Chalk Group deposits from the Early Cretaceous period (around 100 million years old).
Specifically, the area consists of the Hertfordshire Chalk Formation, characterized by its distinctive white chalky rocks with high levels of calcium carbonate.
The chalk layer is approximately 120 meters thick in this area and provides a solid base for various types of overlying soils and sediments.
In terms of soil profile, NCTF 135 HA features a range of textures from sandy loam to clay-loam within the top meter or so of the surface.
Below the chalk, there are layers of flint-bearing, calcareous sandstones that have been formed as a result of weathering processes over millions of years.
The presence of these diverse geological features has created a complex setting with varying soil types, moisture levels, and microclimate conditions across NCTF 135 HA.
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The following list highlights some key geological characteristics of the site:
- Upper Chalk Group deposits from the Early Cretaceous period (around 100 million years old)
- Hertfordshire Chalk Formation with distinctive white chalky rocks
- Chalk layer approximately 120 meters thick in this area
- Flint-bearing, calcareous sandstones below the chalk layer
- Varying soil textures from sandy loam to clay-loam within the top meter or so of the surface
- Diverse microclimate conditions due to presence of different geological features
Formation Details
Age and Dating
The Formation Details of the NCTF 135 HA near Selhurst, Surrey, pertain to its geological composition and formation processes.
The NCTF 135 HA is a **_Triassic_** formation, characterized by its sedimentary rock layers deposited during the Early Triassic period, approximately 247-230 million years ago.
During this time, the area that is now Surrey was part of a shallow sea, known as the **_Rhaetian Sea_**, which covered much of Europe.
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The sedimentary rocks within the NCTF 135 HA formation were primarily deposited by rivers and streams carrying sand, silt, and clay particles. These particles eventually accumulated at the bottom of the Rhaetian Sea, forming a layered sequence of sediments.
Over time, these layers underwent compaction and cementation, resulting in the formation of hard, consolidated rocks that make up the NCTF 135 HA.
The **_age_** of the NCTF 135 HA is constrained by several lines of evidence, including fossil evidence and radiometric dating. Fossils found within the formation are consistent with an Early Triassic age, while radiometric dating has provided precise estimates of the age range.
Based on these methods, it has been determined that the NCTF 135 HA is approximately 247-230 million years old, placing it firmly within the **_Early Triassic_** period.
Tectonic History
The formation details of the **NCTF 135 HA** site located near Selhurst, Surrey, reveal a complex history of geological processes that have shaped the underlying strata.
The primary rock formation in this area is composed of **Upper Cretaceous** (_Maastrichtian stage_) sediments, specifically the _Gault Formation_ and the _Ludlow Series_. These formations are characterized by alternating layers of sandy mudstones, clays, and limestones, indicating a marine environment with periodic changes in sea level.
The **tectonic history** of this region is marked by significant uplift during the late Cretaceous period. The Weald-Artois Anticline, which runs parallel to the English Channel, was formed due to compressional forces resulting from the closure of the Tethys Ocean. This event led to the folding and faulting of the Gault Formation and Ludlow Series rocks.
Subsequent tectonic activity during the Paleogene period resulted in further uplift and erosion, exposing the underlying **Cretaceous** formations. The area was subsequently covered by a layer of _Eocene_ deposits, comprising sands and gravels, which were transported by rivers flowing from the northwest. These Eocene deposits now form the surface layer at NCTF 135 HA.
The geological history of this site is therefore characterized by complex tectonic processes, including uplift, folding, faulting, and erosion. The formation details reveal a rich and varied sedimentary record, reflecting the changing environmental conditions over millions of years.
Notable Features
Significance in Research
The NCTF 135 HA (National Coal Type Fuel No. 135 High Ash) is a type of coal that was used at the nearby NCB colliery in the area of Selhurst, Surrey.
One notable feature of this coal is its high ash content, which can be up to 45%. This makes it difficult to burn efficiently and requires specialized equipment to handle.
- The NCTF 135 HA has a high volatile matter content, which contributes to its difficulties in burning efficiently.
- It also has a relatively low moisture content compared to other types of coal.
In research context, the NCTF 135 HA is significant because of its unique properties and challenges associated with its use. This includes studies on the effects of high ash content on boiler efficiency and the development of new technologies to mitigate these issues.
- Research has also been conducted on the potential for using NCTF 135 HA as a feedstock for the production of value-added chemicals, such as carbon nanotubes and activated carbon.
Overall, the NCTF 135 HA is an important area of study in the field of coal research due to its unique characteristics and potential applications. Understanding its properties and behavior can help inform the development of new technologies and strategies for utilizing this type of coal in a more efficient and sustainable manner.
Comparison with Similar Formations
The notable features of the NCTF 135 HA site near Selhurst, Surrey are multifaceted and contribute to its unique character. One of the most striking features is its geology, which comprises a mix of London Clay and Bagshot Sand deposits from the Eocene epoch. These geological formations have been shaped by the region’s complex tectonic history, resulting in a varied landscape with rolling hills and valleys.
Another notable aspect of the site is its diverse flora and fauna. The area supports a range of habitats, including woodland, heathland, and grasslands, which attract various plant and animal species. This biodiversity is further enhanced by the presence of several watercourses, such as streams and ponds, which provide habitats for aquatic life.
The site’s landscape has been shaped not only by geological processes but also by human activity. Archaeological evidence suggests that the area has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with finds dating back to the Mesolithic period. The presence of ancient earthworks, such as burial mounds and settlement sites, testifies to the long history of human occupation.
Compared to similar formations in the region, the NCTF 135 HA site stands out for its unique combination of geological and ecological features. For instance, the nearby Coombe Hill chalk escarpment, also in Surrey, shares some similarities with the site’s geology but lacks the diversity of habitats found on the NCTF 135 HA site.
Another comparison can be drawn with the North Downs, a range of hills to the north of Selhurst, which share a similar geological background but have undergone more intense agricultural modification. In contrast, the NCTF 135 HA site retains much of its natural landscape and biodiversity.
The unique character of the NCTF 135 HA site can also be seen in its juxtaposition with urban areas such as Selhurst itself. The site serves as a vital green lung for the surrounding built-up area, providing recreational opportunities and mitigating the effects of urbanization on the environment.
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